How Large Immobile Sediments in Gravel Bed Rivers Impact Sediment Transport and Bed Morphology

A common approach used to mitigate riverbank erosion and maintain watercourse alignments has been through the application of riprap or larger, more stable particles channel boundaries along reaches interest. However, very often, these large become dislodged from their intended locations (failed measures), becoming part bed material composition. In natural systems, immobile sediments boulders can also be found, which are often sourced glacial erratics colluvial inputs with different spacing arrangements among them. lower gradient gravel-bed channels, impacts that clasts may impart on river morphologies uncertain studied in this paper. This paper utilizes laboratory experiments evaluate effects varying a have sediment transport morphology. The consist series test cases one base case no present. each case, flume was composed poorly sorted gravel mixture bimodal distribution sand meant representative channel. results demonstrated at low particles, transported both became coarser. At medium size reached maximum, coarser approximately same rate as finer material. Finally, high sizes were similar had strongest clockwise hysteresis trend, ultimately led net